How the Soviets Stole Ukrainian Christmas

Christmas in Ukraine is more than a holiday; it’s a vibrant tapestry of traditions, faith, and cultural identity. But this celebration, which holds such a special place in Ukrainian hearts, was nearly erased during the Soviet era. This article delves into how Ukrainian Christmas was suppressed under Soviet rule, and how it has reclaimed its rightful place in modern times.

Christmas Before the Soviet Era

Before Soviet rule, Ukrainians celebrated Christmas on December 25th according to the Julian calendar. The holiday was rich with traditions like Sviata Vecheria (Holy Supper), caroling, and attending church. Christmas wasn’t just a religious event — it was the heart of Ukrainian culture and family life.

The Soviet Ban on Christmas

After the October Revolution, the Bolsheviks declared religion “the opium of the people” and launched a campaign against religious holidays. They banned Christmas celebrations, shut down churches, and punished those who dared to observe the holiday. Celebrating Christmas became dangerous — families had to hide their traditions behind closed doors.

Switching the Date to January 7th

In 1920s, The Soviet Union adopted the Gregorian calendar, but the Russian Orthodox Church refused to follow. This created a disconnect with the global celebration on December 25th.

New Year as a Replacement Holiday

To replace Christmas, the Soviets promoted New Year as the main winter celebration. They introduced Yolka (New Year tree), Ded Moroz(Father Frost), and festive gatherings. These symbols aimed to erase religious ties and replace them with a secular, state-controlled narrative.

Christmas Returns

After Ukraine regained independence in 1991, Christmas traditions began to return. In 2017, December 25 was officially recognized as a public holiday alongside January 7. Finally, in 2023, Ukraine officially shifted to celebrating Christmas on December 25, breaking away from Russia’s imposed calendar and reclaiming its place in the global tradition.

Ukrainian Christmas: A Story of Survival

The Soviet Union tried to erase it, but Ukrainian Christmas traditions endured. Today, Ukrainians celebrate with pride on both December 25th and January 7th—reclaiming their heritage and sharing it with the world.

As you celebrate Christmas this year, take a moment to honor the traditions that have stood the test of time. Whether you’re singing carols, enjoying kutia at Sviata Vecheria, or simply wishing someone “Shchaslyvykh Sviat” (Happy Holidays), you’re part of a living legacy that transcends borders and generations.

Щасливих Свят!

The Language Lab Team